![]() An x-ray examination is used to determine the extent of the bunion and identify any changes in the joints. The diagnosis is based on the appearance of the foot and the symptoms. Hallux valgus restricts the ability of the big toe to provide support, which puts excessive strain on the second metatarsal bone. Bunions often also result in the development of hammer toe or claw toe. Over time, this can lead to osteoarthritis in the first and second toes. Pain caused by the inflammation of the joint bursa.Sensitivity to pressure when wearing shoes.Development of calluses on the inner side of the ball of the foot.The result is the typical hallux valgus position. The balls of all the toes become calloused, while pain and inflammation make it difficult to wear shoes.Ĭharacteristic symptoms of hallux valgus are: This creates an unhealthy tension on the tendons of the big toe, gradually pulling the big toe outwards. Tight shoes with high heels encourage the development of splay feet and incorrectly positioned toes. In part this is attributed to women’s slightly more pronounced connective tissue weakness, however women’s footwear is overwhelmingly thought to be the cause of the condition. Women are affected by bunions far more frequently than men. The ball of the large toe is pushed outwards and the head of the first metatarsal bone is pushed inwards. The crooked position of the big toe causes the pressure on the foot to be unevenly distributed across the foot arch. It is usually caused by a congenital weakness of the connective tissue in combination with a splay foot. High cholesterol, high blood lipid levels.
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